Acorn Arcade forums: Programming: Using OS_WriteN in C/C++
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Using OS_WriteN in C/C++ |
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Cauchy (21:00 24/10/2012)
Phlamethrower (21:38 24/10/2012)
nunfetishist (22:04 24/10/2012)
Cauchy (22:29 24/10/2012)
swirlythingy (00:10 25/10/2012)
Cauchy (21:23 5/2/2013)
swirlythingy (23:23 5/2/2013)
Cauchy (00:55 6/2/2013)
Stoppers (08:30 6/2/2013)
swirlythingy (13:14 6/2/2013)
jeff-doggett (14:38 6/2/2013)
Cauchy (16:06 6/2/2013)
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John O'Meara |
Message #121313, posted by Cauchy at 21:00, 24/10/2012 |
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Posts: 43
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Hi, I want to get the equivalent SWI in C/C++ to generate, for example: vdu 17,3. Which defines text colour. With OS_WriteN, R0 = pointer to string to write, and R1 = no., of bytes to write. 17 and 3 are the two bytes to write. So does the following code do the job of BASIC's VDU 17,3.
char *str = "17 3";
_kernel_swi_regs regs;
regs.r[0] = str;
regs.r[1] = 2;
_kernek_swi(OS_WriteN, ®s, ®s);
Will the SWI ignore the space between the 17 and the 3 and accept 17 as the first byte and 3 as the second byte. I don't want to try this piece of code on my iyonix as it might have a problem with it so I said to myself see what they say at the iconbar. Thanks for the help. |
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Jeffrey Lee |
Message #121316, posted by Phlamethrower at 21:38, 24/10/2012, in reply to message #121313 |
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Posts: 15100
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"17 3" will result in a 5 byte string containing the bytes 49 55 32 51 0, which isn't what you're after. Instead you have two options:
1. Initialise the string like you would an array or a struct, i.e.
char *str = {17,3};
2. Initialise the string as a string, but using control codes, i.e.
char *str = "\x11\x03";
(\xNN is used to denote a character in hex, the compiler will convert it to the appropriate byte value when it parses the string)
The control code approach is probably easier if you need to mix in text with the VDU codes. |
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Rob Kendrick |
Message #121318, posted by nunfetishist at 22:04, 24/10/2012, in reply to message #121316 |
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Also, just spitting this out via printf() will still go via RISC OS's terminal emulation and do the right thing, won't it? |
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John O'Meara |
Message #121319, posted by Cauchy at 22:29, 24/10/2012, in reply to message #121316 |
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Posts: 43
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Thanks for replying. So if I want to define a graphics window like:
VDU 24, left; bottom; right; top;. Where left;, etc., is a two byte number for graphics, sending the low order byte first, I could write the string as: char *str = { left%256,left/256,bottom%256,bottom/256,right%256,right/256,top%256,top/256};
regs.r[0] = str;
regs.r[1] = 8;
_kernel_swi(OS_WriteN, ®s, ®s);
With control code approach it might be more difficult in this case. |
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Martin Bazley |
Message #121320, posted by swirlythingy at 00:10, 25/10/2012, in reply to message #121319 |
Posts: 460
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Yes, it's unpleasant. That's why BASIC hides it away from you with the ; operator. Sadly, C is not BASIC. |
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John O'Meara |
Message #121867, posted by Cauchy at 21:23, 5/2/2013, in reply to message #121320 |
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Posts: 43
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I think I finally got around to doing this programming, but I have run into a problem using the SWI OS_WriteN. According to the PPM, OS_WriteN, writes a counted string to the VDU; on entry R0 = pointer to string to write; R1 = number of bytes to write. So if I write in my program: regs.r[0] = str; Where I have defined str as: char str[10]; The compiler gives an error saying '=': implicit cast of pointer to int. I am checking it out at the moment on Castle's C compiler ver 5.64. So I specifically don't know how to assign a pointer to R0. I am hoping someone will be able to help me. If you read through the othet posts in this thread you will see what I am trying to do. Thanks in advance. |
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Martin Bazley |
Message #121869, posted by swirlythingy at 23:23, 5/2/2013, in reply to message #121867 |
Posts: 460
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May I ask what's wrong with putchar(17); putchar(3);?
(Or some other ANSI equivalent. I'm not sure how much of the POSIX stdio.h RISC OS implements.) |
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John O'Meara |
Message #121870, posted by Cauchy at 00:55, 6/2/2013, in reply to message #121869 |
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Posts: 43
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Well, I'm not sure how putchar(17); or whatever etc, would work, say in the following context.
void defineGraphicsWindow(int lbx, int lby, int rtx, int rty) {
_kernel_swi_regs regs;
char str[10] = { 24, lbx%256, lbx/256, lby%256, lby/256, rtx%256, rtx/256, rty%256, rty/256 };
regs.r[0] = str; // which must be a wrong //assignment, (pointer to int)
regs.r[1] = 9;
_kernel_swi(OS_WriteN, ®s, ®s);
}
I cannot see as of yet an example for the use of the swi, OS_WriteN in the PRM. Thanks again. |
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Simon Willcocks |
Message #121872, posted by Stoppers at 08:30, 6/2/2013, in reply to message #121870 |
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regs.r[0] = str; // which must be a wrong //assignment, (pointer to int)
You can explicitly cast the pointer to an integer, like this:
regs.r[0] = (int) str; |
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Martin Bazley |
Message #121877, posted by swirlythingy at 13:14, 6/2/2013, in reply to message #121870 |
Posts: 460
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Well, I'm not sure how putchar(17); or whatever etc, would work, say in the following context. Have you tried? It's always best to use the standard library functions where possible. Frankly, from within the C environment, I can't think of a single circumstance where calling OS_WriteN directly would be necessary.
All putchar(c) does (or should do) is the equivalent of SYS "OS_WriteC",c. |
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Jeff Doggett |
Message #121878, posted by jeff-doggett at 14:38, 6/2/2013, in reply to message #121877 |
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All putchar(c) does (or should do) is the equivalent of SYS "OS_WriteC",c. I seem to recall that it doesn't work that way. I think that control codes get output as "|c" (or something). In my Doom conversion I had to use _kernel_oswrch(); |
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John O'Meara |
Message #121881, posted by Cauchy at 16:06, 6/2/2013, in reply to message #121878 |
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Posts: 43
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Thank you all for your replies. I made a cast to int of str[10] as suggested, and it compiled fine in C, GCC, G++, but with C++ it gave a "not implemented:" error. I am ok with that as I intend to make a library of such functions like defineGraphicsWindow() for my use with g++, if I succeed.
No, I have not tried the putchar() function. I wasn't sure if it used OS_WriteC, and if it did, I would have to call it much more often than OS_WriteN would be called. Thanks again. |
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Acorn Arcade forums: Programming: Using OS_WriteN in C/C++ |
